Economics

Economics is the social science that studies how individuals, businesses, governments, and societies make choices about allocating limited resources to satisfy their needs and wants. It examines the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services, exploring how these processes are influenced by factors such as supply and demand, market structures, and government policies. Economics is broadly divided into two main branches: microeconomics, which focuses on the behavior of individual agents (like consumers and firms), and macroeconomics, which looks at the overall economy and large-scale economic phenomena such as inflation, unemployment, and economic growth. The discipline employs various models and theories to analyze economic behavior and inform decision-making, influencing both public policy and business strategy.